Bulletin of Semashko National Research Institute of Public HealthBulletin of Semashko National Research Institute of Public Health2415-84102415-8429FSSBI «N.A. Semashko National Research Institute of Public Health»1573Научная статьяTHE TIPHUS EPIDEMIC IN RUSSIA (1918-1921): RESULTS AND LESSONSKhmelA. Amoskvitch66@yandex.ruDedovaN. Gdng@koziz.ruKochetkovaI. Ocio@koziz.ruLobanovaE. Elee@koziz.ruMoscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry named after A.I. Evdokimov18122021411011508042022Copyright © 2021,2021One of the most important tasks of medicine is the fighting against epidemics of infectious diseases. The typhus epidemic that arose in Russia in 1918 had a number of prerequisites associated with fundamental reasons generated by the backwardness of many spheres of the state and reasons associated with the destabilization of the foundations of the state and social structure, as a result of the revolutionary events of 1917 and the Civil War. The epidemic was accompanied by significant human casualties (presumably up to 4 million people died from typhus). To combat the epidemic, it took a lot of efforts associated with the formation of centralized health management struсtures, improving material security, sanitary and hygienic improvement and sanitary and educational work, which made it possible to significantly reduce by 1923, and by 1941 to practically eliminate the incidence of typhus in the USSR. The experience of fighting the epidemic, the strategic tasks that should be addressed to prevent the development of such epidemics in the future and at the present time can be considered relevant.history of medicinetyphusepidemicCivil WarPeople's Commissariat of Healthистория медицинытифэпидемиягражданская войнаНародный комиссариат здравоохранения[Лисицын Ю.П. Здоровье населения и современные теории медицины / Ю.П. Лисицын. - М.: Медицина, 1982. - 325 с.][Казанцев А.П. Справочник по инфекционным болезням / А.П Казанцев, В.С. Матковский. - М.: Медицина, 1985 - 320 с.][Рогачев А.В. Проспекты советской Москвы. История реконструкций главных улиц города, 1935-1990 / А.В. Рогачев. - М.: ЗАО Изд. Центрполиграф, 2015. - 448 с.][История здравоохранения в царской России / Под ред. Р.У. Хабриева. - М.: ГЭОТАР-Медиа, 2014. - 248 с.][60 лет советского здравоохранения / Под ред. Б.В. Петровского. - М.: Медицина, 1977. - 415 с.][Васильев К.Г. История эпидемий в России (материалы и очерки) / К.Г. Васильев, Л.Е. Сегал. -М.: Государственное издательство медицинской литературы, 1960. - 397 с.][Макарова Н.К. Практикоориентированное обучение руководителей организации здравоохранения / Н.К. Макарова, Э.В. Зимина, Е.А. Корчуганова и др. // Вестник последипломного медицинского образования. - 2019. - № 3. - С. 6-8.][Lisicyn Yu.P. Zdorov'e naseleniya i sovremennye teorii mediciny [Public health and modern theories of medicine]. Moscow, Medicina, 1982. 325 p. (in Russian).][Kazancev A.P., Matkovskij V.S. Spravochnik po infekcionnym boleznyam [Handbook of Infectious Diseases]. Moscow, Medicina, 1985. 320 p. (in Russian).][Rogachev A.V. Prospekty sovetskoj Moskvy. Istoriya rekonstrukcij glavnyhulic goroda, 1935-1990 [Avenues of Soviet Moscow. History of reconstructions of the main streets of the city, 1935-1990]. Moscow, Izd. Centrpoligraf, 2015. 448 p. (in Russian).][Istoriya zdravoohraneniya v carskoj Rossii [History of healthcare in Tsarist Russia], ed. R.U. Habriev. Moscow, GEOTAR-Media, 2014. 248 p. (in Russian).][60 let sovetskogo zdravooohraneniya [60 years of Soviet healthcare], ed. B.V. Petrovsky. Moscow, Medicina, 1977. 415 p. (in Russian).][Vasil'ev K.G., Segal L.E. Istoriya epidemij v Rossii (materialy i ocherki) [History of epidemics in Russia (materials and essays)]. Moscow, State Publishing House of Medical Literature, 1960. 397 p. (in Russian).][Makarova N.K., Zimina E.V., Korchuganova E.A. et al. Practice-oriented training of healthcare organization managers. Vestnik poslediplomnogo medicinskogo obrazovaniya [Bulletin of postgraduate medical education], 2019, no. 3, p. 6-8 (in Russian).]