Bulletin of Semashko National Research Institute of Public HealthBulletin of Semashko National Research Institute of Public Health2415-84102415-8429FSSBI «N.A. Semashko National Research Institute of Public Health»1577Обзорная статьяCOGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT IN COVID-19 PATIENTS RECEIVING RESPIRATORY TREATMENT (REVIEW)VolkovA. Va-1973b@yandex.ruKinkulkinaM. Akinkulkina@gmail.comIvanetsN. Nnivanets@mail.ruAvdeevaT. It.i.avdeeva@gmail.comIzyuminaT. Aizumina74@gmail.comTikhonovaYu. Gj.tyhonova@gmail.comBrovkoM. Yumichail.brovko@gmail.comMoiseevS. Vavt420034@yahoo.comI.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)18122021413814708042022Copyright © 2021,2021The pandemic of COVID-19 has not diminished its relevance for more than 1.5 years, creating a constant burden on the healthcare system around the world. In 2020, information appeared and began to accumulate in the literature about patients who underwent severe forms of COVID-19 and received respiratory treatment and after recovery showed symptoms of persistent cognitive pathology. Disorders of varying severity were observed - from mild fatigue of attention to a significant decrease in memory and deterioration in intellectual functions. We reviewed the literature offering explanations for the development of cognitive impairment in these patients. Included publications from Scopus, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, PubMed, RSCI. Of several possible causes (direct damage to the central nervous system by the SARS-CoV-2; acute cerebrovascular pathology associated with vascular damage by cytokines and disseminated intravascular coagulation syndrome), the influence of brain hypoxia caused by a complex of mutually aggravating factors is most convincingly substantiated. They included: viral pneumonia with respiratory failure, advanced age of the studied contingent with comorbid somato-neurological diseases, prolonged mechanical ventilation with sedative drugs. Based on the results of the review, preventive measures are proposed to counteract the identified risk factors.COVID-19COVID-19Mechanical VentilationAcute Respiratory FailureAcute Respiratory Distress SyndromeNeurologic Features of COVID-19Psychiatric Features of COVID-19искусственная вентиляция легкихострая дыхательная недостаточностьострый респираторный дистресс-синдромневрологические симптомы COVID-19психиатрические симптомы COVID-191.Белкин А.А. Синдром последствий интенсивной терапии (ПИТ-синдром) / А.А. Белкин // Вестник интенсивной терапии имени А.И. Салтанова. - 2018. - № 2. - С. 12-23.2.Sasannejad C. Long-term cognitive impairment after acute respiratory distress syndrome: a review of clinical impact and pathophysiological mechanisms / C. Sasannejad, E.W. Ely, S. Lahiri // Crit. 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Oliver // Lancet Psychiatry. - 2020. - Т. 7. - № 7. - С. 61-627.7.Mao L. Neurologic Manifestations of Hospitalized Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Wuhan, China / L. Mao, H. Jin, M. Wang et al. // JAMA Neurol. - 2020. - Т. 77. - № 6. - С. 1-9.8.Guerrero J.I. Central and peripheral nervous system involvement by COVID-19: a systematic review of the pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, neuropathology, neuroimaging, electrophysiology, and cerebrospinal fluid findings / J.I. Guerrero, L.A. Barragan, J.D. Martinez et al. // BMC Infect. Dis. - 2021. - № 21. - С. 515.9.Helms J. Neurologic Features in Severe SARS-CoV-2 Infection / J. Helms, S. Kremer, H. Merdji et al. // N. Engl. J. Med. - 2020. - Т. 382. - № 23. - С. 2268-2270.10.Li W.X. Effects of propofol, dexmedetomidine, and midazolam on postoperative cognitive dysfunction in elderly patients: a randomized controlled preliminary trial / W.X. Li, R.Y. Luo, C. Chen et al. // Chin. Med. J. 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J. Med., 2020, vol. 382, no. 23, pp. 2268-2270.20.Li W.X., Luo R.Y., Chen C. et al. Effects of propofol, dexmedetomidine, and midazolam on postoperative cognitive dysfunction in elderly patients: a randomized controlled preliminary trial. Chin. Med. J. (Engl.), 2019, vol. 132, no. 4, pp. 437-445.