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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.1d1" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">Bulletin of Semashko National Research Institute of Public Health</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Bulletin of Semashko National Research Institute of Public Health</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2415-8410</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2415-8429</issn><publisher><publisher-name>FSSBI «N.A. Semashko National Research Institute of Public Health»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1595</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Научная статья</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>EPIDEMICS AND FIGHT AGAINST THEM IN THE XIX CENTURY (ON THE EXAMPLE OF TSARITSYN)</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name name-style="western"><surname>Chernysheva</surname><given-names>Irina Valerievna</given-names></name><bio></bio><email>iravale@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="aff-1">Volgograd State Medical University</aff><pub-date date-type="epub" iso-8601-date="2022-12-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><issue>1-2</issue><fpage>144</fpage><lpage>149</lpage><history><pub-date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2022-04-08"><day>08</day><month>04</month><year>2022</year></pub-date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright © 2022,</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year></permissions><abstract>The territory of the Lower Volga region, due to its geographical, climatic, and ethnic characteristics, was a region through which epidemic diseases from Asia penetrated into Russia. One of the factors that helps spreading of epidemics, including cholera, in this area was such magnificent a waterway as the Volga. In the 19th century, cholera became a frequent event in the cities of Volga region, one of which was Tsaritsyn. In the 19th century this city was considered to be a risk zone for living due to frequent outbreaks of infectious diseases. Over the years of constant struggle with epidemics in the Lower Volga region, practical experience has been accumulated, however, it was not always possible to prevent their development in the city, despite the anti-epidemic measures being taken. The spread of diseases was basically caused by internal migration processes taking place in this territory. The arrival of seasonal workers into Tsaritsyn every spring was often accompanyed with a new outbreak of "contagious disease." Unsanitary conditions in the city, lack of running water and sewerage systems, slums on the suburbs, low level of medical culture of the population are factors contributing to the rapid spread of epidemics. In Tsaritsyn in the 19th century, outbreaks of epidemics of cholera, plague, typhoid were often noted. At the same time Sarepta, a German colony of gernguters, near Tsaritsyn, succeeded to avoid epidemics, preserving the number of population. Due to their mentality and religious views, the gernguters created a perfect system of public health care, which was not available in Tsaritsyn.</abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>history of medicine</kwd><kwd>epidemics</kwd><kwd>cholera</kwd><kwd>plague</kwd><kwd>sanitary measures</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>история медицины</kwd><kwd>эпидемии</kwd><kwd>холера</kwd><kwd>чума</kwd><kwd>санитарные мероприятия</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Максимова И.В. Холера как злоба дня в восприятии жителей уездного города Царицына (по материалам газеты «Волжско-Донской листок») // Genesis: исторические исследования. 2021. № 5. С. 151-168.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Максимова И.В., Петрова И.А. «Русский Чикаго» (Уездные города Саратовской губернии в условиях модернизации). 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