Bulletin of Semashko National Research Institute of Public HealthBulletin of Semashko National Research Institute of Public Health2415-84102415-8429FSSBI «N.A. Semashko National Research Institute of Public Health»1598Научная статьяSTATE POLICY DURING THE FIRST CHOLERA EPIDEMIC IN RUSSIASemashkoN. Aegorysheva@rambler.ruNational Research Institute of Public Health151220221-216016508042022Copyright © 2022,2022Historical epidemiology helps to model the processes of elimination of infectious diseases, to predict their spread. The article is devoted to the history of the fight against the Cholera epidemic in the Russian Empire. Cholera was first introduced from Asia to Europe in the early nineteenth century. The fight against the first cholera epidemic in Russia (1823) was quite successful due to timely anti-epidemic measures taken by the government, medical community. The next epidemic (1829-1931) affected most of European Russia and caused a high level of morbidity and mortality. The Government's actions during this period were extremely inconsistent. The fight against the epidemic was carried out by police measures. The doctors' opinions were ignored. Quarantines that were contrary to the interests of foreign trade were often lifted. Large cities and capitals with poor sanitary conditions have suffered the most from the epidemic. In 1831, the epidemic spread beyond the borders of Russia. Russian doctors have contributed to the study of the epidemiology of cholera. They formulated provisions on the contagiousness of cholera, the importance of people in its spread, and the need to create antiepidemic barriers.history of medicinecholera epidemicantiepidemic measuresистория медициныэпидемия холерыпротивоэпидемические мероприятия1.About the Cholera discovered in Astrakhan (Cholera morbus). Voenno-medicinskij zhyrnal [Military Medical Journal]. 1824. No. 1. P. 75-83 (in Russian).2.Nastavlenie o lechenii bolezni, nazyvaemoj holera (Cholera morbus), izdannoe Medicinskim sovetom [The Manual on the treatment of the disease called Cholera (Cholera morbus), published by the Medical Council]. St. Petersburg, Printing House of the Medical Department of the Ministry of the Interior, 1830. 18 p. (in Russian).3.Reman O. The appearance of eastern Cholera on the Mediterranean and the Caspian Sea, described by the civilian General staff-Dr. Rehman. Voenno-medicinskj zyrnal [Military Medical Journal]. 1824. No. 1. P. 3-14; No. 2. P. 170-176. (in Russian).4.Arhangel'skij G.I. Holernye epidemii v Evropejskoj Rossii v 50-letnij period 1823-1872 gg. [Cholera epidemic in European Russia in 50 years 1823-1872]. St. Petersburg, Stasyulevich Printing House, 1874. 342 p. (in Russian).5.Vistengof P.F. From my memories. Istoricheskii vestnik [Historical Bulletin]. 1884. Vol. 16. May. P. 330-331 (in Russian).6.SHil'der N. Imperator Nikolaj pervyj, ego zhizn i carstvovanie [Emperor Nicholas the First, his life and reign]. Vol. 2. St. Petersburg, Suvorin, 1903. 820 p. (in Russian).7.Vasil'ev K.G., Segal A.E. Istoriya epidemij v Rossii [History of epidemics in Russia]. Moscow, State publishing house of medical literature, 1960. 397 p. (in Russian).8.Fon der Hoven I.R. Cholera in St. Petersburg in 1831. The story of a contemporary and an eyewitness. Russkaya starina [Russian Antiquity]. 1884. Vol. 44. P. 391-400 (in Russian).9.Karatygin P.P. Holernyj god. 1830-1831 [Vibrio year. 1830-1831]. St. Petersburg, Stasyulevich Printing House, 1887. 243 p. (in Russian).10.Egorysheva I.V. Grazhdanskij general-shtab doktor Osip Osipovich Reman. Almanac of the history of medicine: unknown and controversial pages. Moscow, Dynasty, 2014. P. 143-152 (in Russian).