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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.1d1" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">Bulletin of Semashko National Research Institute of Public Health</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Bulletin of Semashko National Research Institute of Public Health</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2415-8410</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2415-8429</issn><publisher><publisher-name>FSSBI «N.A. Semashko National Research Institute of Public Health»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">2186</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Научная статья</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>DEVELOPMENT MEDICAL CARE IN THE PRISON SYSTEM RUSSIA (END OF XVIII-EARLY XX CENTURE)</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name name-style="western"><surname>Spasennikov</surname><given-names>B. A</given-names></name><bio>The National Research Institute of Public Health named after N.A. Semashko</bio><email>borisspasennikov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name name-style="western"><surname>Pertli</surname><given-names>L. F</given-names></name><bio>The Research Institute Federal Penitentiary Service Russia</bio><email>-</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="aff-1"></aff><pub-date date-type="epub" iso-8601-date="2016-12-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><issue>3</issue><fpage>104</fpage><lpage>116</lpage><history><pub-date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2022-04-14"><day>14</day><month>04</month><year>2022</year></pub-date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright © 2016,</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2016</copyright-year></permissions><abstract>The article deals with the development of prison health care in Russia. The first mention of the treatment of patients with criminals found in 1775. In 1788 adopted the Regulations of the prisons. The document draws on the experience of prison systems of European countries. Since 1819 medical care organization was the responsibility of the Ministry of Internal Affairs. It created the conditions for the organization of medical care in the prison system. Legal medical care based on the conclusions were adopted in 1831. In 1879, in the main prison management appeared as an inspector for the medical unit. He coordinated the provision of health care to prisoners and developed hygienic measures. The primary link in the national prison system were separate prison authorities. In accordance with the Law of 15 June 1887 the authorities organized medical care convicted. Treatment of patients with prisoners was carried out by the state. In the analyzed period there was no uniform medical morbidity statistics. It is shown that special attention was paid to infectious diseases. Pathology of infectious nature has been given less attention.</abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>history of medicine</kwd><kwd>history of law</kwd><kwd>penitentiary system</kwd><kwd>prisoners</kwd><kwd>medical care</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>история медицины</kwd><kwd>история права</kwd><kwd>пенитенциарная система</kwd><kwd>осужденные</kwd><kwd>медицинская помощь</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>XV лет деятельности Главного тюремного управления // Тюремный вестник. 1894. № 6. С. 309.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Благочестивейшия самодержавнейшия великия государыни имп. Екатерины Вторыя. учреждения для управления губерний Всероссийския империи. М., 1775. 215 с.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><mixed-citation>Давыдова Н.В., Пертли Л.Ф. Пенитенциарная медицина: история и люди: учебное пособие. 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