Bulletin of Semashko National Research Institute of Public HealthBulletin of Semashko National Research Institute of Public Health2415-84102415-8429FSSBI «N.A. Semashko National Research Institute of Public Health»279310.25742/NRIPH.2023.03.028Научная статьяContribution of the medical community, zemstvo and private practitioners to the fight and prevention of social diseases in the Saratov province in the late twentieth and early twentieth centuriesZavyalovArkady I.ark.zavyalow@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3982-6013RaikovaSvetlana V.matiz853@endex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5749-2382MyasnikovaIrina V.sarrpn@san.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0004-9533-3453PetrovVyacheslav V.vyacheslav.petrov62@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0668-9665N. A. Semashko National Research Institute of Public HealthSaratov State Medical University26052023305052025Copyright © 2025,2025<p>The medical societies of Saratov (physicomedical and sanitary) were the first to pay attention to the consistently high incidence of social diseases (tuberculosis, venereal diseases and alcoholism) at the turn of the XIX XX centuries, and then the zemstvo and private practitioners of the province. The active activity of the members of the Saratov sanitary society prompted in 1901 to create a committee to combat tuberculosis, thanks to which seasonal sanatoriums and outpatient clinics were opened, the production of koumiss was organized, pavilions were opened for its implementation and treatment of patients. To combat drunkenness and alcoholism, representatives of the intelligentsia organized a Society for Sober and Improved Life in 1894, and in 1904, with the joint participation of representatives of the authorities, the Physico-Medical Society and the city Committee of the Guardianship of People's Sobriety, a hospital for alcoholics was established. In 1905, by permission of the medical board of the Saratov Provincial Board, private practitioners opened private hospitals for skin, venereal and genitourinary diseases. In addition, the medical community and doctors conducted large-scale sanitary and educational work among the population of the region aimed at combating and carrying out measures to prevent social diseases.</p>social diseasesmedical societieszemstvo medicinehealth educationSaratov provinceсоциальные болезнимедицинская общественностьземская медицинасанитарное просвещениеСаратовская губерния1.Vardugin V.I. For the benefit of public health. — Saratov: OAO «Privolzhskoe kn. Izd-vo»; 2005:207−217. (in Russian).2.3.Sokolov P.N., Karmanov M.A. Sanatorii Sanatoriums of the Saratov Sanitary Society by 1912 (History of their origin and present state). Saratov; 1912. (in Russian).4.5.Chulochnikov A.A., Zavyalov A.I. Organization of sanatorium treatment of pacients with tuberculosis in the Saratov region at the beginning of the 20th century. Journal of Medical Scientific Research 2017; 13 (4): 862−866. (in Russian).6.7.Romanovskiy N.M. The incidence of the population in the Saratov province in 1907. General essay. Saratov; 1914. (in Russian).8.9.Report of the Medical Department of the Ministry of Internal Affairs on the state of public health and the organization of medical care in Russia in Russia for 1912. (in Russian).10.11.Report of the Medical Department of the Ministry of Internal Affairs on the state of public health and the organization of medical care in Russia in 1914. Petrograd; 1916. (in Russian).12.13.Zav'yalov A.I., Yakupov I.A. To the 150th anniversary of the organization of inpatient care for patients with syphilis in the Saratov province // Sbornik nauchnykh rabot «Sovremennye problemy razvitiya ambulatorno-poliklinicheskoy pomoshchi i vrachebnoy praktiki». Saratov; 2006:1:54−55. (in Russian).14.15.Kalyagin E.A., Aynshteyn S.M. Fight against venereal and skin diseases //V kn.: Razvitie sovetskogo zdravookhraneniya v Saratovskoy oblasti. Saratov; 1959:69−78. (in Russian).16.17.Materials on the issue of combating alcoholism in Saratov. Publication of the Saratov Physico-Medical Society; 1908. (in Russian).18.19.An outpatient clinic for alcoholics of the Saratov City Committee of the Guardianship of People's Sobriety, which is a member of the Saratov Physico-Medical Society//Protokol Yubileynogo zasedaniya Fiziko-meditsinskogo obshchestva v g. Saratove (1 dekabrya 1910 g.). Saratov; 1910:183−187. (in Russian).20.21.Proceedings of the First congress on the fight against drunkenness; S-Petersburg. 1910. T.1 (in Russian).