Bulletin of Semashko National Research Institute of Public HealthBulletin of Semashko National Research Institute of Public Health2415-84102415-8429FSSBI «N.A. Semashko National Research Institute of Public Health»280310.69541/NRIPH.2024.04.007Научная статьяMedical and legal aspects of the etiology and pathogenesis of non-suicidal self-injury (drawing on the cases of autoaggressive behavior of patients in a psychiatric hospital)Aleksandr UmnovAleksandr B.umnoff2011@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0009-5506-8962State budgetary healthcare institution of the city of Moscow «Psychiatric Clinical Hospital №1 named after N.A.Alekseeva Department of Health of the City of Moscow»Federal State University of Education271120244435207052025Copyright © 2025,2025<p>Target. To study the etiology and pathogenesis of self-injurious behavior in humans, including identifying the features of the causes, forms of taking NSSIs, as well as tactics of its treatment in psychiatric hospital patients, taking into account legal conditions and practical materials on the problems of proper regulation of the use of NSSIs in Russia and all over the world.<br />Procedures and methods. The main content of the study is a narrative review of the scientific literature on the epidemiology of NSSI, an analysis of the legislative framework of the Russian Federation, as well as world judicial practice on the problem of legal regulation of NSSI, as well as the study and discussion of 27 clinical cases of autoaggressive summing up that occurred in the period from May 2022 to June 2024 in the Healthcare Institution PKB №1 (branch PB 14).<br />Results. An analysis of clinical cases involving non-suicidal acts of self-harm by patients in a psychiatric hospital was carried out. As a result of the study, an anamnesis of patients of the State Budgetary Healthcare Institution PKB №1 of the Department of Health, Branch PB 14 who required surgical care was collected, and a survey of medical workers monitoring these patients was also conducted. Features of acts of non-suicidal self-harm in psychiatric hospital patients have been identified, and methodological approaches to organizing surgical treatment of such patients, taking into account their psychosomatic state, have been proposed.</p> <p>Theoretical and/or practical significance. The conducted research makes it possible to improve the traditional understanding of the features of non-suicidal behavior; the work touches on the problems of the relationship between NSSI and suicide, and examines the world practice of legislative regulation of actions of a self-destructive nature. 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