Bulletin of Semashko National Research Institute of Public HealthBulletin of Semashko National Research Institute of Public Health2415-84102415-8429FSSBI «N.A. Semashko National Research Institute of Public Health»291210.69541/NRIPH.2025.02.020Научная статьяThe role of nurses in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases: literature reviewBurkovskayaYulia V.BurkovskayaYV@zdrav.mos.ruGazhevaAnastasia V.GazhevaAV@zdrav.mos.ruTimofeevaAlyona S.timofeevaAS2@zdrav.mos.ruState Budgetary Institution «Research Institute for Healthcare Organization and Medical Management of Moscow Healthcare Department», 115088, Moscow, Russian Federation20072025211211801082025Copyright © 2025,2025Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) remain the leading cause of death and morbidity worldwide, which requires effective prevention and control strategies. Nurses occupy a key place in the primary health care system, providing early detection and management of CVD risk factors. Their contribution to preventive measures is becoming especially important against the background of the growing number of patients with cardiovascular diseases. The aim of the study is to study successful nursing strategies focused on the prevention of cardiovascular diseases and risk factors for their occurrence in the population in the context of primary health care. Materials and methods. A systematic search of publications in open databases for 2020—2025 was conducted using keywords related to nursing and CVD prevention. Results. 3 key areas of nursing interventions in the prevention of CVD have been identified: 1) early detection of risks (systematic screening, application of standardized assessment scales, step-by-step monitoring of health indicators); 2) educational programs (individual and group counseling, development of personalized recommendations for lifestyle modification, motivational support of the behavior change process); 3) usage of digital solutions (remote monitoring of the patients condition, the use of mobile platforms to support adherence to therapy, the use of telemedicine technologies for preventive counseling). Conclusion. The participation of nurses in CVD prevention programs has proven its importance for early detection and management of cardiovascular risks. Patient education and motivation, as well as integration into teamwork with doctors, contribute to sustainable improvement of health and reduction of morbidity. The use of innovative approaches and technologies expands the possibilities of prevention.nurses, prevention of cardiovascular diseases, risk factors, primary health care, reviewмедицинские сестры, профилактика сердечно сосудистых заболеваний, факторы риска, первичное звено здравоохранения, обзор[Di Cesare M., Perel P., Taylor S., Kabudula C., Bixby H., et al. The Heart of the World. Global heart. 2024;19(1):11. DOI: 10.5334/gh.1288][Mensah G., Fuster V., Murray C., et al. Global Burden of Cardiovascular Diseases and Risks, 1990—2022. JACC. 2023;82(25):2350—2473. DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2023.11.007][Wang Y., Wang X., Wang C., et al. (November 24, 2024) Global, Regional, and National Burden of Cardiovascular Disease, 1990—2021: Results From the 2021 Global Burden of Disease Study. Cureus. 2024;16(11):e74333. DOI: 10.7759/cureus.74333][Tan S. C.W., Zheng B. B., Tang M. L., Chu H., Zhao Y. T., Weng C. Global Burden of Cardiovascular Diseases and its Risk Factors, 1990—2021: A Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021. QJM. 2025:hcaf022. DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcaf022][López-Bueno R., Núñez-Cortés R., Calatayud J., Salazar-Méndez J., Petermann-Rocha F., ET AL. Global prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors based on the Life's Essential 8 score: an overview of systematic reviews and meta-analysis. Cardiovascular research. 2024;120(1):13—33. DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvad176][Wu S., Xu W., Guan C., et al. Global burden of cardiovascular disease attributable to metabolic risk factors, 1990—2019: an analysis of observational data from a 2019 Global Burden of Disease study. BMJ Open. 2023;13:e069397. DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-069397][Qiu X. Nurse-led intervention in the management of patients with cardiovascular diseases: a brief literature review. BMC Nurs. 2024;23:6. DOI: 10.1186/s12912-023-01422-6][Bulto L. N., Roseleur J., Noonan S., Pinero de Plaza M. A., Champion S., Dafny H. A., et al. Effectiveness of nurse-led interventions versus usual care to manage hypertension and lifestyle behaviour: a systematic review and meta-analysis. European journal of cardiovascular nursing. 2024;23(1):21—32. DOI: 10.1093/eurjcn/zvad040][Kuneinen S. M., Eriksson J. G., Kautiainen H., Ekblad M. O., Korhonen P. E. The feasibility and outcome of a community-based primary prevention program for cardiovascular disease in the 21st century. Scandinavian journal of primary health care. 2021;39(2):157—165. DOI: 10.1080/02813432.2021.1913893][Старшинин А. В., Камынина Н. Н., Бурковская Ю. В., Тимофеева А. С. Мультидисциплинарные модели оказания первичной медико санитарной помощи пациентам с хроническими неинфекционными заболеваниями. Здравоохранение Российской Федерации. 2024;68(5):349—355. DOI: 10.47470/0044-197X-2024-68-5-349-355][Bruneau J., Moralejo D., Parsons K. Evaluating the effectiveness of the cardiovascular assessment screening program with nurse practitioners and patients: results of a cluster randomised controlled trial. BMC primary care. 2024;25(1):185. DOI: 10.1186/s12875-024-02432-2][López-Román F. J., Tornel-Miñarro F. I., Delsors-Merida-Nicolich E., Fernández-López L., Martínez-Ros M. T., et al. Feasibility of implementing a preventive physical exercise programme recommended by general practitioners in cardiovascular risk patients: A pre-post comparison study. The European journal of general practice. 2020;26(1):71—78. DOI: 10.1080/13814788.2020.1760836][Jiang Y., Koh K. W. L., Ramachandran H. J., Nguyen H. D., Lim S., Tay Y. K., et al. The effectiveness of a nurse-led home-based heart failure self-management programme (the HOM-HEMP) for patients with chronic heart failure: A three-arm stratified randomized controlled trial. International journal of nursing studies. 2021;122:104026. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2021.104026][Iso H., Noguchi M., Yokoyama T., Yoshida T., Saito I., Shintani A., et al. Effect of a Community-Based Program to Accelerate Referral to Physicians for Individuals at High-Risk of Lifestyle-Related Diseases: A Cluster Randomized Trial. Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis. 2023;30(10):1389—1406. DOI: 10.5551/jat.64100][Jepma P., Jorstad H. T., Snaterse M., Ter Riet G., Kragten H., Lachman S., et al. Lifestyle modification in older versus younger patients with coronary artery disease. Heart (British Cardiac Society). 2020;106(14):1066—1072. DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2019-316056][Højgaard H. G., Frederiksen K., Høgh A. L., Dahl M. First pill hardest to swallow: An evaluation study of cardiovascular nurse-led follow-up phone calls. Journal of vascular nursing: official publication of the Society for Peripheral Vascular Nursing. 2024;42(1):35—43. DOI: 10.1016/j.jvn.2023.11.007][Ritngam A., Kalampakorn S., Lagampan S., Jirapongsuwan A. Effectiveness of a Nurse-Led Workplace Intervention in Reducing Cardiovascular Risks Among Thai Workers: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Journal of primary care & community health. 2024;15. DOI: 10.1177/21501319241281211][Piotrowicz K., Krzesiński P., Galas A., Stańczyk A., Siebert J., Jankowska E. A., et al. Health-related quality of life and self-care in heart failure patients under telecare-insights from the randomized, prospective, controlled AMULET trial. Frontiers in public health. 2024;12:1431778.DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1431778][He X. J., Yi X. Y., Wei N. Examining the impact of internet-enabled nursing practices, guided by specialist nurses on patients with hypertension and their caregivers. Experimental gerontology. 2024;197:112606. DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2024.112606][Abdiramasheva K. S. The role of medical nurses in prevention of cardiovascular pathology. ISJ Theoretical & Applied Science. 2020;05(85):51—54.][Nogueira A. R., Silva G. L., Miranda J. F. de, Sousa V. F. de O., Cavalcante C. C. F. S., Silva, J. M. G. da. Intervenções de enfermagem realizadas na prevenção de doenças cardiovasculares da atenção básica: uma revisão bibliográfica. Revista Fisio&terapia. 2024;29:20—21. DOI: 10.69849/revistaft/fa10202411281920][Ahmed N. Compassionate Care in Cardiology: The Role of Nurses in Cardiovascular Disease Management. Nursearcher. 2024;4(02):01. DOI: 10.54393/nrs.v4i02.89][Ito M., Tajika A., Toyomoto R., Imai H., Sakata M., et al. The short and long-term efficacy of nurse-led interventions for improving blood pressure control in people with hypertension in primary care settings: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Primary Care. 2024;25(1):143. DOI: 10.1186/s12875-024-02380-x][Liu Y., Yin, Z. The Role of Nurses in Promoting Cardiovascular Health Through Nutrition: A Review. Heliyon. 2023: 21. DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.4446139][Tan S. M., Han E., Quek R. Y. C., Singh S., Gea-Sánchez M., et al. A systematic review of community nursing interventions focusing on improving outcomes for individuals exhibiting risk factors of cardiovascular disease. Journal of Advanced Nursing. 2020;76(1):47—61. DOI: 10.1111/JAN.14218][Konlan K. D., Lee H., Jang Y., Lee S. E., Kim S. Y. Development of Public Health Center-Based Culturally Tailored Hypertension Self-Care Intervention Among Adults in Rural Ghana. Public Health Nursing. 2025;42(3):1235—1248. DOI: 10.1111/phn.13473][Stephen C., Halcomb E. J., Fernandez R., McInnes S., Batterham M., Zwar N. Nurse-led interventions to manage hypertension in general practice: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Advanced Nursing. 2022;78(5):1281—1293. DOI: 10.1111/jan.15159][Javadzade H., Vahedparast H., Khodaminasab A., Tahmasebi R., Reisi M., Kiani J. The effect of web-based education on self-care behaviors in cardiovascular patients: application of the pender’s health promotion model. Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique. 2024;82(1):64. DOI: 10.1186/s13690-024-01299-0][Abraham C., Jensen C., Rossiter L., Hale D. D. Telenursing and Remote Patient Monitoring in Cardiovascular Health. Telemedicine Journal and E-Health: the official journal of the American Telemedicine Association. 2023;30(3):771—779. DOI: 10.1089/tmj.2023.0187][Gibson I., Mccrudden Z., Harris A., Hynes L., Dunne D., et al. (2022). Outcomes from a digital cardiovascular prevention and rehabilitation programme delivered in Ireland during COVID 19. European Journal of Preventive Cardiology. 2022;29(Supplement_1):zwac056.253. DOI: 10.1093/eurjpc/zwac056.253][Hayman L. L., Fletcher B., Miller N. H., Handberg E. M., Koob S. The Global Cardiovascular Nursing Leadership Forum: Promoting Optimal Cardiovascular Health Worldwide. The Journal of cardiovascular nursing. 2023;38(2):111—113. DOI: 10.1097/JCN.0000000000000971]