Bulletin of Semashko National Research Institute of Public HealthBulletin of Semashko National Research Institute of Public Health2415-84102415-8429FSSBI «N.A. Semashko National Research Institute of Public Health»313610.69541/NRIPH.2026.01.028Научная статьяThe role of departmental and zemstvo doctors of the Perm province in resolving forensic issues (19th — early 20th centuries): features, practice and problemsPermyakovaNadezhda Viktorovnaxvost-n@mail.ruPashkovKonstantin Anatolyevichgmail.comDolgovaOksana Borisovnaobdolgova@gmail.comFederal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Ural State Medical University» of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Department of Pathological Anatomy and Forensic Medicine, Yekaterinburg, Russian FederationRussian University of Medicine of the Russian Ministry of Health, Department of the History of Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, A. I. Evdokimov Scientific Research Institute of Dentistry, Moscow, Russian Federation23032026117518025032026Copyright © 1970,1970This article presents an analysis of the development of forensic medical examination practice in Perm Province in the 19th and early 20th centuries, based on a study of archival materials. It presents the organization of forensic medical activities in a large mining region, where medical care was provided within the framework of departmental and zemstvo models. The article determines the compliance of forensic medical examinations with the legal regulations governing the examination of bodies, in particular, the implementation of Article 154 of the Military Regulations of Peter the Great and the circulars of the Senate and the Ministry of Police. Key problems in forensic medical practice in the region are identified: a shortage of medical personnel, a lack of instruments and specialized literature, untimely examinations due to geographic remoteness, and systemic errors associated with the refusal of autopsies. Based on an analysis of autopsy reports, research methods are reconstructed, and the scope and quality of cause-of-death diagnosis are determined. It is established that, despite the lack of specialized expertise, Ural physicians applied a systematic approach and sought to establish cause-and-effect relationships between processes. Departmental oversight was exercised by the Medical Boards. A conclusion was reached regarding the development of a regulated practice in the Ural region, dependent on the personal qualifications of the expert, integrated into the imperial legal system and laying the foundation for the further standardization of forensic medicine.history of forensic medicine, Perm province, death certificate, zemstvo doctor, factory hospitalистория судебной медицины, Пермская губерния, свидетельство мертвого тела, земский врач, заводской госпиталь1.Коробков А. И. К истории Перми и Пермской губернии. Технологос. 2011;(4):45—50.2.Черноухов Э. А. Социальная инфраструктура горнозаводских округов Урала в XIX в.: казенный и частный типы: диссертация … доктора исторических наук: 07.00.02. Екатеринбург; 2017.3.Черноухов Д. Э., Черноухов Э. А. Земская и горнозаводская медицина Пермской губернии в 1870-1880-х годах: начало взаимодействия. Научный диалог. 2019;(12):447—457.4.Черноухов Д. Э. Проблемы найма и адаптации врачей в уездных земствах Пермской губернии. Вестник Сургутского государственного педагогического университета. 2019;62(5):31—38.5.Копырина Сардаана Николаевна Становление медицинского дела на казенных заводах Урала первой половины XVIII В. (по документам государственного архива Свердловской области). Научный вестник Крыма. 2019;21(3):14.6.Черноухов Э. А. Екатеринбургский горный госпиталь в XIX в. Документ. Архив. История. Современность. 2017;(17):95—103.7.Шестова Т. Ю. Развитие здравоохранения уральских губерний (Пермской, Вятской и Оренбургской). 1864—1900. Пермь: Пермский университет; 2003.