The article presents the results of an analysis of the indicators of primary morbidity of children 0—14 years old and adolescents 15—17 years old in the classes of « ear and mastoid process diseases» and «respiratory diseases» in the Russian Federation and in the context of the municipality of Ramenskoye, Moscow region. in the period 2011—2022, there is a tendency in the Russian Federation to reduce the level of primary morbidity of children and adolescents with ear and mastoid process diseases, as well as respiratory diseases, however, in 2020—2022. The indicator has resumed growth, which may be due to the spread of coronavirus infection and its consequences. According to the medium-term forecast, while maintaining existing trends in the studied classes of diseases, by 2027 it is possible to reduce the level of primary morbidity of children and adolescents with ear and mastoid process diseases, respiratory diseases. At the same time, there is an increase in the prevalence of chronic forms of this pathology, which is more pronounced in rural patients than in urban patients, there is an increase in the need for children and adolescents in dispensary care in connection with ENT diseases, which is more pronounced among rural children and adolescents than urban ones. All this requires the development and implementation of organizational technologies for controlling, monitoring morbidity and increasing the availability of medical care to children and adolescents in urban and rural areas.