In the context of persistent risks of biological, man-made, and geopolitical emergencies that increase the vulnerability of primary healthcare, there is a particular urgency for a standardized assessment of its preparedness. Such an assessment must allow for the benchmarking of results and their translation into specific management decisions. The aim of this cross-sectional analytical study was to evaluate the preparedness of the Moscow Region state primary healthcare organizations for global challenges, based on surveys of healthcare professionals and department heads. Data from 147 department heads and 486 healthcare workers were analyzed. Methodological approaches included psychometric validation of the research instruments (Cronbach's alpha, factor analysis), non-parametric and robust inferential analysis, IRT modeling (Rasch model), latent class analysis (LCA), territorial clustering assessment, and ROC/AUC verification. The average preparedness index was 0.812±0.167 for department heads and 0.709±0.277 for healthcare professionals, revealing a pronounced polarization of profiles. The most deficient areas were resource-intensive and organizationally complex components: human resource reserves and staff rotation, prevention of psycho-emotional burnout, laboratory capacity redundancy, stable communication channels, and regular interagency drills. A significant gap was identified between the existence of formal regulations and the practical application of skills. The findings substantiate the necessity of transitioning from documentary to verifiable preparedness, prioritizing measurable reserves, scenario-based exercises, and targeted measures to mitigate inter-territorial heterogeneity.

global challenges, preparedness index, healthcare professional survey, primary health care (PHC), health system resilience, emergencies.