Efficacy of various tb screening methods in vulnerable groups (analytical review)

  • Authors: Zagdyn Z.M.1, Kobesov N.V.2, Dmitrieva M.P.3, Pechenkin A.V.1
  • Affiliations:
    1. N. A. Semashko National Research Institute of Public Health
    2. Republic Clinical Center of Pthisiopulmonology of Ministry of Health Care of Republic of North Ossetia-Alania
    3. Saint-Petersburg State Budgetary Health Care Facility “City antituberculous dispensary”
  • Issue: No 3 (2024)
  • Section: Общественное здоровье и организация здравоохранения
  • URL: http://bulleten-nriph.ru/journal/article/view/2770
  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.25742/NRIPH.2023.03.005
  • Cite item

Abstract


One of the fundamental principles of public health is the collaboration of prevention and treatment of diseases, especially socially significant ones, including infections, such as TB. Preventive measures to reduce the TB spread include its early detection (screening), among key risk groups too. The study aim, provided by using information-analytical and statistical methods, based on own materials, national and foreign publications, data obtained from federal statistical observation forms, is to know the effectiveness of various TB and LTBI screening methods, among vulnerable groups. The study results show that in Russia, along with improvement in the epidemic situation, periodic CXR examinations continue to be the main TB screening method. Effective and modern TB screening methods are used extremely rarely: MGM (6,2%), IGRA-tests for LTBI screening among key risk groups are used non-systemically, mainly among children, along with national ART. Meanwhile, with equal rates of population screening coverage and share of new TB cases found by screening, its detection rate in regions with a high TB incidence is significantly prevailing in regions with a low once (95,0% CI: -0,12 — -3,11, p<0,02). The obtained data indicate the need for a differentiated approach to provide TB screening measures: in regions with a high TB incidence, to maintain mass CXR screening; in areas with low incidence rates, active TB screening should be carried out only among vulnerable groups, including usage of MGM, ATR and IGRA-tests for LTBI screening, and passive TB screening should be organized among those who seek medical care.


About the authors

Zinaida M. Zagdyn

N. A. Semashko National Research Institute of Public Health

Author for correspondence.
Email: dinmetyan@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1149-5400

Russian Federation, 105064, Moscow, Russian Federation

Nikolay V. Kobesov

Republic Clinical Center of Pthisiopulmonology of Ministry of Health Care of Republic of North Ossetia-Alania

Email: kobesovn@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9833-5700

Russian Federation, 362015, Lechebniy proezd, 1, Vladikavkaz, Russia

Mariya P. Dmitrieva

Saint-Petersburg State Budgetary Health Care Facility “City antituberculous dispensary”

Email: masha.dmitrieva@gmail.com

Russian Federation, 196142, Zvezdnaya street, 12, Saint-Petersburg, Russia

Anatoliy V. Pechenkin

N. A. Semashko National Research Institute of Public Health

Email: a.pechenkin@pharmline.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0006-9821-3566

Russian Federation, 105064, Moscow, Russian Federation

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