At the outset of Histology: Marie-François-Xavier Bichat

Abstract


In this publication, based on the study of original French literary sources, the stages of education, formation of scientific views and main achievements of the founder of histology — an outstanding French physician of the period of the French bourgeois revolution, Marie-François-Xavier Bichat (1771—1802) are analyzed; some inaccuracies regarding his biography and date of birth found in foreign and Russian literature are discussed and corrected; for the first time in the Russian historical-medical literature the list of twenty one tissues identified by him has been presented (in original French and with the authors’ translation into Russian); his contribution to the development of fundamental sciences — anatomy, histology, pathological anatomy (tissue pathology), as well as therapy and surgery is described; and tribute maintaining memory of him in his homeland is although shown.

About the authors

Tatiana S. Sorokina

Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University), Moscow, Russian Federation

Email: sorokina-ts@rudn.ru

Veronika M. Botchey

Email: botchey-vm@rudn.ru

Andrey E. Ershov

Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University), Moscow, Russian Federation

Email: ershov-ae@rudn.ru

References

  1. Dobo, Nicolas et Role, André. Bichat, la vie fulgurante d'un génie. Paris: Perrin; 1989. 466 р.
  2. Бибиков П. А. О жизни, трудах и значении Биша. В кн. Мари Франсуа Ксавье Биша. Физиологические исследования о жизни и смерти. С прим., пер. с фр. и вступ. ст. П. А. Бибикова. СПб.: Тип. И. И. Глазунова; 1865. С. III—LVIII.
  3. Fye, W. Bruce. Marie-François-Xavier Bichat. Clin. Cardiol. (Profiles in Cardiology). 1996;19(9):760—761.
  4. Numero BICHAT. Histoire des Sciences Medicales. Organe officiel de la Société Francaise d'Histoire de la Medicine. Trimestriel Avril—Mai—Juin. 1972;VI(2):120 p.
  5. Genty, Maurice. Bichat. Biographies medicales et scientifiques. Ed. Pierre Huard. Paris: Dacosta; 1972.
  6. Genty, Maurice. La Maison natale de Bichat. Bulletin du Progrès medical. Supplément illustré. 1913;41:495.
  7. M.-F.-X. Bichat. Recherches Physiologiques sur la Vie et la Mort. Nouvelle Edition. Travaux de Bichat et Suivie de Notes le Docteur Cerise. 1844. 385 p.
  8. Chéreau, Achille. Notes sur Xavier Bichat. Gazette hebdomadaire de médecine et de chirurgie. 2e série. T. XX. 1883. Pp. 413—416.
  9. Blanchard, Raphaël. Documents inédits concernant Xavier Bichat. Bulletin de la Société Française d'Histoire de la Médecine.1902:309—323.
  10. Genty, Maurice. Quelques documents sur la famille et la maison natale de Bichat. Bulletin de la Société Française d’Histoire de la Médecine.1933;(Mars—Avril):71—76.
  11. Biographical sketch of Bichat. The E clectic Repertory, аnd Analytical Review, Medical and Philosophical. Ed. by the Society of Doctors. Philadelphia: Thomas Dobson, William Fry, Printer; 1815. Pp. 507—518.
  12. Locy, William A. Biology and its Makers. New York: Henry Holt and Company; 1915. 477 p.
  13. Бокль Г. Т. История цивилизаций. История цивилизации в Англии. T.1. М.: Мысль; 2000. 461 с.
  14. Биша, Мари Франсуа Ксавье. Физиологические исследования о жизни и смерти. С прим., пер. с фр. и вступ. ст. П. А. Бибикова. СПб.: Тип. И. И. Глазунова; 1865. 483 c.
  15. Алексеева Е. В. Танатология и танатогенез: исторические факты, проблемы и перспективы изучения. Медицинские новости. 2018;(2):10—17.
  16. Bichat, Xavier. Anatomie générale appliquée à la physiologie et à la medicine. Paris: Brosson, Gabon et Cie; 1801. 244 p.
  17. Androutsos G., Diamantis A., Vladimiros L. Cancer’s conceptions of Marie-François-Xavier Bichat (1771—1802), founder of histology. Journal of BUON. 2007;(12):295—302.
  18. Фоминых Т. А., Дьяченко А. П., Уланов В. С. Биша Мари Франсуа Ксавье (1771—1802). Крымский журнал экспериментальной и клинической медицины. 2020;10(4):58—63. doi: 10.37279/2224-6444-2020-10-4-58-63
  19. Anatomie Descriptive De Xavier Bichat. Nouvelle édition, revue et corrigée. Paris; 1829. 491 p.
  20. Stanguenec, André. Le scalpel contre le microscope. History and Philosophy of the Life Sciences. 1984;6(2):171—182.
  21. Сорокина Т. С. История медицины. В 2-х т. 17-е изд. Т. 2. М.: Академия; 2024. С. 100—102.
  22. Centenaire de la mort de Xavier Bichat, 3 thermidor an X — 22 juillet 1902. Paris: Librairie Scientifique et littéraire, F.R.de Rudeval, Éditeur; 1903. 56 p.

Statistics

Views

Abstract - 0

PDF (Russian) - 0

Cited-By


PlumX

Dimensions


Copyright (c) 2025 ФГБНУ Национальный НИИ Общественного здоровья имени Н.А. Семашко

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Mailing Address

Address: 105064, Moscow, st. Vorontsovo Pole, 12, building 1

Email: r.bulletin@yandex.ru

Phone: +7 (495) 917-90-41 add. 136



Principal Contact

Kuzmina Uliia Aleksandrovna
EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
FSSBI «N.A. Semashko National Research Institute of Public Health»

105064, Vorontsovo Pole st., 12, Moscow


Email: r.bulletin@yandex.ru

This website uses cookies

You consent to our cookies if you continue to use our website.

About Cookies