The State Anti-Drug Committee describes the drug situation in Moscow as «neutral», however statistics data show a rise in drug-related mortality. The authors conducted an empirical sociological study on a representative sample (N=1002) in order lyze the issue and its factors. Fear and distancing define attitudes toward drug users in general, and people support harsher measures. Young and middle-aged men, who are frequently employees of private companies, are more likely to have used drugs at least once. The influence of friends, coworkers, or relatives is the primary cause of drug involvement. The study assessed the drug risk group based on social factors. Muscovites list criminal activity, social and psychological issues, mass culture's influence as potential causes of the drugs spreading. The study presents guidelines for the anti-drug addiction strategies.