Bulletin of Semashko National Research Institute of Public Health

The article deals with the issues of contractual relations in the field of health insurance. Based on the analysis of the features of contractual relations on compulsory health insurance, implemented on the basis of civil contracts, it is concluded that due to the objective need to provide medical care at the expense of the relevant budget, the preparation of plans for the budget of the CHI Fund, there was a consolidation in the legislation on health insurance a significant amount of mandatory rules, giving rise, in turn, a tendency to downplay the importance of individual regulation of relations on compulsory health insurance agreement of the parties.

The article presents the main economic indicators of the Russian medical market and the analysis of human needs in medical services. It also provides an overview of the main diseases for which they apply for paid and free medical care. It is concluded that the dynamics of public and commercial medical services in Russia and the growth of prices for medical services outstrips the dynamics of the consumer price index throughout the period under review. Also noted the negative dynamics of diseases in the population, the number of patients is reduced, but it is not linked with the improvement of the health status of residents, the example of our capital, and with the ongoing health care reform and optimization of the number of medical institutions in the framework of the reform.

The work covers the present-day problems of nicotine addiction and the identification of the factors underlying its spread among young people. On the basis of continuous survey of countryside schoolchildren in the Transnistrian region aged 18-26 years (n = 51) is composed medical and psycho-logical portrait of modern student- smoker

The data of the study of socio-hygienic characteristics of persons involved in sports at the age of 40 years and older (athletics, long run, participation in competitions at a distance of 10 km or more). Was investigated by a group of "age" athletes with a total population of 1649 people by anonymous questionnaire. It is shown that the high level of education and social activity should be noted as the social characteristics of people involved in sports at the age of 40 years and more. Most of the athletes were married and had a fairly good financial situation. The obtained indices of body mass index are not significantly lower than those who are not involved in sports, but do not have problems with excess weight. Anthropometric characteristics changed with age. In men, with increasing age, both growth and body weight decreased, while in women with decreasing growth, there was an increase in body weight and body mass index.

Assessment of the quality of medical care of different strata and groups of the population is a priority area of preventive medicine and public health. The application of the theory of risk taking into account external modifying factors is relevant at the present stage. The level of reproductive risk can serve as one of the criteria. The aim of the work was to determine the reproductive risk in the conditions of technogenic impact as a criterion of qualitative assessment of health care. The study used modern methods of research of socio - hygienic, biochemical, and statistical. Thus, the methodological basis for assessing the reproductive risk to the population in the conditions of technogenic impact can serve as a criterion for assessing the level of impact and developing management decisions in the field of improving the quality of health care. The scope of the results is public health and health organization.

The characteristics of nutrition of persons involved in sports at the age of 40 years and older are investigated. Data on the characteristics of nutrition were obtained by questioning athletes aged 40 years and older, performing at competitions in athletics at distances of 10 kilometers or more. Only 1800 distributed questionnaires, collected the completed questionnaires 1649. As the characteristics of nutrition, the following were studied: the presence or absence of adherence to any diet, the frequency of meals, the regularity of eating, the nature of the food, the characteristics of the diet in each of the meals, the importance of the quality of food consumed, as well as the presence of the fact of the use of flour, sweet and carbonated sweet drinks. The study showed that a minority of respondents observed a strict diet, most did not adhere to any principles of organization of their food. The most acceptable form of behavior is considered to be frequent meals (three or more times), but the strong influence of the current situation, which forces to build a more flexible diet, as it was not always possible to eat at the same time, and the largest amount of food regardless of gender accounted for the middle of the day and its second half. Very often, especially women allow small amounts of food between her main meals. Respondents try to monitor their diet and try to exclude from the use of fried/smoked/fatty/spicy food and much less often ignore the quality of food consumed, consciously limiting themselves to the use of sweet and flour products and virtually excluding the use of sweet carbonated drinks.

In order to study the impact of life priority "work" on the quality of life associated with health, an anonymous survey was conducted 967 people aged 60 years and older. The mean age was 71.08±1.3 years, men in the sample were 36%, women 64%, respectively, which corresponds to the parameters observed in the population. The main group included men with high life priority "work" in the control group - men with low life priority "work". To study the quality of life associated with health, the SF-36 questionnaire was used in accordance with the instructions prepared by the company Evidens-Clinical and pharmacological studies. As a result of the study it is shown that in men and women the state of physical components of the quality of life practically did not depend on the hierarchy of life priority "work", while the analysis of indicators of the psychological component revealed gender differences. Thus, if the men components of the psychological components were higher in men with a low hierarchical place of life priority "work", the women such patterns were not observed. Consequently, the hierarchy of life priorities has no unambiguous and determining influence on the quality of life indicators, but can and should be considered as one of the important determinants of human behavior, which determines, among other things, the presence or absence of its health saving forms.