In August 1918, the Dental Sub-Section of the People's Commissariat of Health set itself the main goal of providing the general public with access to highly qualified, free and organized dental care. The reform of dentistry was implemented in the conditions of the post-revolutionary crisis, lack of funding and shortage of qualified specialists, with a negative attitude of some dentists to the changes. To solve the problem of shortage of equipment, materials, and medicines, it was decided to nationalize private dental offices and to engage the remaining doctors in labor conscription, but not all could withstand these difficulties. Nevertheless, a network of state dental outpatient clinics was established in the RSFSR, which rapidly deteriorated after the transition to a new economic policy. The creation of a sustainable system of free public dental care required a new time and other economic conditions.