Bulletin of Semashko National Research Institute of Public Health

Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of disability and mortality in most economically developed countries. Despite the obvious relevance of the problem of diseases of the circulatory system, there is currently insufficient research on the incidence of diseases of the circulatory system among the adult population of different regions. The aim of the study was to analyze and predict the overall incidence of circulatory diseases among adults in rural areas of the Moscow region. According to the official statistics of the Ministry of health of the Moscow region, the total incidence of diseases of the cardiovascular circulatory system among the population 18 years and older for 2013- 2016 was studied. The total incidence of diseases of the cardiovascular circulatory system was analyzed per 100,000 of the corresponding population in the cities of the Moscow region. A nonparametric t- white test was used to compare the validity of differences. The difference was considered reliable at P < 0.05. The level of the general incidence of diseases of the cardiovascular circulatory system among the districts of the Moscow region for the study period is distributed unevenly. The unevenness of the general morbidity rate of cardiovascular diseases in the regions of the Moscow region established in the study points to the real possibilities of its reduction to the level of prosperous territories. To do this, it is necessary to carry out the above- mentioned various medical and preventive measures among the adult population, as well as the reorganization of the outpatient service in order to improve its accessibility and quality of medical care.

The article is devoted for the anniversary of the Leading Researcher of the Semashko National Research Institute for Public Health, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Doctor of Law Sciences, Professor Boris A. Spassennikov. B.A. Spasennikov successfully combined the labor activity of the health organizer and a neurologist, a scientist and a practicing doctor. In his research, the theoretical basis for improving the legal regulation of compulsory psychiatric treatment. This allows you to combine legal control over crime and provide mentally ill with qualified medical care. This allows us to ensure the implementation of legislation in accordance with modern requirements for the development of society. A number of fundamental problems of science and practice have been solved. Conceptual bases of optimization of application of compulsory measures of medical character are put. The importance of research scientist is manifested in the possibility of using the results to change legal policy, the reform of individual institutions and norms of legislation.

The article stresses the urgency of improving the quality and efficiency of health care management at all levels, as well as the need to improve the information security management system of healthcare organizations. The aim of this work was to develop methodological bases of quality management of medical activities of medical organization. The study was applied: a method of studying and generalization of experience, analytical method, method of comparative analysis, a sociological method, the method of organizational experiment. It has been proven that the use of the expanded list of criteria indicators and analysis of their changes has allowed to detail the address management decisions aimed at improving the quality of medical practice and increasing patient satisfaction primary health organization. The article presents the analysis of the basic principles of modern health care development. Stresses the urgency of improving the quality and efficiency of health care management at all levels, as well as the need to improve the information security management system of healthcare organizations.

The incorporation of innovative technologies to increase the availability of bacteriological analyses for patients is an urgent task of modern healthcare. The level of microbiological research development in many countries (including Russia) does not meet modern health requirements and needs automation. The introduction of mass spectrometric method with high productivity and low costs will increase the level of microbiological diagnosis of bacterial and fungal infections, prevent the spread of hospital - acquired infections and improve the epidemiological situation of infectious diseases.

The article highlights the urgency, necessity and expediency of the development of paid medical services in state and municipal medical organizations, the peculiarity of a properly organized system for the organization of paid services, without prejudice to the implementation of the state guarantees program.

The article is devoted to the history of medicine in the European North of Russia. Shown the role of orders of the supreme bodies of state power in the Russian Empire from 1735 and 1780. According to these acts in Russian cities were set up hospitals. Arkhangelsk first public hospital opened 13 (24) February 1786. It was the first civilian medical institution in Arkhangelsk. In 1800, the first doctor of the hospital was Dr. Gavriil Moder. The development of medical practice at the time was based on the European and traditional medicine. In 1863 it was created the Archangel scientific medical society. In the second half of the XIX century in a hospital staffed by physicians who had been exiled to Arkhangelsk for political crimes. September 27, 1876 the hospital opened school of physician assistant. It was the first school of physician assistant in the European North of Russia. Shown the role of the pharmacist K.A. Lorenz, doctors P. K. Bolsheselsky, S.F. Grenkova and G.M. Leibson in the development of the hospital. By 1917, the hospital was formed as an institution with the staff who provide care to patients with severe disease.

The article deals with the development of prison health care in Russia. The first mention of the treatment of patients with criminals found in 1775. In 1788 adopted the Regulations of the prisons. The document draws on the experience of prison systems of European countries. Since 1819 medical care organization was the responsibility of the Ministry of Internal Affairs. It created the conditions for the organization of medical care in the prison system. Legal medical care based on the conclusions were adopted in 1831. In 1879, in the main prison management appeared as an inspector for the medical unit. He coordinated the provision of health care to prisoners and developed hygienic measures. The primary link in the national prison system were separate prison authorities. In accordance with the Law of 15 June 1887 the authorities organized medical care convicted. Treatment of patients with prisoners was carried out by the state. In the analyzed period there was no uniform medical morbidity statistics. It is shown that special attention was paid to infectious diseases.

The changing of staff capacity in the institutions responsible for early childhood health during the prewar period in Samara (Kuibishev) region is observed.