Bulletin of Semashko National Research Institute of Public Health

One of the main problems of modern healthcare is the high incidence of malignant neoplasms and the insufficiency of their early detection. In order to improve the early diagnosis of malignant neoplasms, a new algorithm for routing patients with suspected malignant neoplasms was tested and implemented in the City Polyclinic No. 210 DZM. The results of the implementation and evaluation of the effectiveness of a new pilot algorithm for routing patients with suspected cancer to improve the early detection of oncopathology showed that polyclinic doctors positively assess the implementation of the new algorithm, while noting a reduction in the time to perform all routine actions in relation to these patients. The results of the patient survey in 2021 (compared to a similar study in 2019) showed that the majority of patients positively assessed the introduction of a new algorithm for routing patients with suspected cancer

The main purpose of the article is to review the available scientific data on the effect of postpartum depression in a mother on her newborn child, both in the short and long term. The article also discusses a theoretical model for the introduction of screening for postpartum depression at the level of pediatric primary health care, since mothers of children who are observed in medical organizations are also visitors to medical organizations due to the need to accompany the child until his fifteenth birthday. Currently, there is no legislative regulation in the Russian Federation for screening for the possible presence of such a risk factor in a child as postpartum depression of the mother. Considering periodic preventive visits to the pediatrician by the child accompanied by the mother, doctors can screen for postpartum depression, which is relevant and widespread, especially in urbanized countries, which the Russian Federation is part of.

The provision of medical care in inpatient conditions is the most expensive item in healthcare, therefore, the study of patient satisfaction with medical care in hospitals is of great importance for the formation of organizational measures aimed at improving the quality and improvement of medical care. The aim of the study is to characterize the satisfaction of patients with medical care in inpatient settings. Materials and methods. The study was conducted on the basis of the state budgetary healthcare institution of the Samara region (GBUZ SO) «Novokuibyshevskaya Central City Hospital» (NCGB). as part of which there is a polyclinic department and a 24-hour hospital, the bed capacity of which at the beginning of 2022 amounted to 435 beds. Medical care in inpatient conditions was provided by 72 doctors. For the survey, a specially developed «Questionnaire for the study of patient satisfaction with the provision of medical care in inpatient conditions» was used, 587 patients were surveyed. Sociological, analytical and statistical research methods were used. Results. The medical and social characteristics of hospital patients were obtained, as a result of which it was determined that at an average age of 54.0 years, women (61.7%), persons with full secondary education (55.0%), married (55.4%), with a satisfactory financial situation (57.8%), working (47.7%) predominate among patients and unemployed pensioners (33.4%). A satisfactory state of health is noted by 42.8% of patients with an average score on a five-point health scale of 3.1 points). Two thirds (65.8%) of patients are hospitalized for emergency indications, the majority of patients receive medical care at the expense of CHI (89.9%). The average waiting period for planned hospitalization was 9.5 days. Conclusion. The insufficiently high satisfaction of patients with various aspects of medical care in inpatient conditions was noted. Patients are more or less dissatisfied with: the conditions of medical care in the emergency department (in 34.0% with a satisfaction level of 3.9 points), the provision of medical care in the emergency department (in 28.3% of cases with a satisfaction level of 4.0 points), the completeness of information about the hospital (25.0%, 4.1 points), the diagnostic process (28.3%, 4.0 points), the treatment process (27.3%, 4.1 points), sanitary and hygienic conditions (28.9%, 4.0 points), nutrition (32.9%, 3.8 points), relationships with doctors (31.7%, 4.0 points), relationships with average medical workers (26.6%, 4.2 points), provision of medical care in inpatient settings in general (32.7%, 4.0 points).

The article discusses the development of information and communication technologies that affect the growth of demand for medical tourism services. The review of the most popular mobile applications on the medical tourism market, which act as effective information and communication products, the functionality of which allows a potential medical traveler to get access to complete information about the region, clinic, quality level, price and availability of medical services that he plans to receive outside the country of residence. The conducted research allows us to conclude that at the present stage of digitalization and development of information and communication technologies, mobile applications are an effective tool for the development of medical tourism, since they reduce the transaction costs of the consumer and provide access to information necessary to make a decision about a trip for medical purposes.

Human resources are the most important part of the health care system and are critical in delivering quality health care to the population. The factors of motivation of medical workers may differ depending on the professional and job status, profile and specifics of the activity, gender and sex characteristics, career stage, generation, personal qualities of employees. The article presents a comparative analysis of the labor motives of various professional groups of personnel of budgetary healthcare institutions of an outpatient and inpatient profile. To study labor motivation, the respondents were asked to assess the correspondence of wages to personal labor input, the level of workload at the workplace, and to choose the factors that most motivate them to work. The results obtained can be used by healthcare organizers to select effective incentive tools, create and improve the system of motivation for medical workers.

This article discusses science-based approaches to the development of measures aimed at creating the proper motivation for maintaining a healthy lifestyle in school-age children during the period of rehabilitation and organized recreation at the Artek International Children's Center. The results of a sociological study carried out using the questionnaire method are presented. The study involved 96 people, divided into 2 groups, according to the periodization of the mental development of D. B. Elkonin, among whom were students of middle and high schools. Based on the analysis of the obtained data, it was determined that the following violations of the principles of a healthy lifestyle were the most common in the group of younger adolescence: insufficient level of physical activity, an unbalanced regime of work and rest, and in the group of older adolescence, the following violations of the principles of a healthy lifestyle were the most common: violation of the visual regime, insufficient level of physical activity and unbalanced regime of work and rest. In the course of the work, the main channels for obtaining information about a healthy lifestyle by respondents, as well as the most preferred incentive mechanisms for each of the age groups, were identified.

In the historical literature, the activities of all chief physicians in the development of medical care at the resorts of the Caucasian Mineral Waters have not been systematically considered. There are white spots in the history of this issue: the name of the first of them is distorted in a number of sources, the names of the other two have been omitted. The name of F. P. Konradi's successor did not remain in Russian historiography. Over the years, the position of the chief physician of Waters was occupied by: Professor G. I. Sukharev, doctors of medicine H. Gennush, V. P. Creighton, A. B. Tsee, F. P. Konradi, head physician A. D. Ivanov. The first doctors who performed duties during the holiday season did not leave a noticeable trace in the development of the resort, with the exception of Tsee. The most famous was Dr. Conradi, who worked on the Waters constantly. The role of the chief physician has changed over time: from a full-fledged host in all matters to the organizer of spa treatment. In this situation, a doctor without an academic degree, A. D. Ivanov, who did not even leave behind scientific works, found himself in oblivion.

The article shows the main dates of the biography of Nikolai Alexandrovich Bernstein, the stages of creative biography. The desire for scientific work led N. A. Bernstein to the Central Institute of labor and forever determined the direction of his work - the study of physiology, the study of the problem of living movement, biomechanics. It is indicated that the scientist's idea of sensory corrections became known in modern Cybernetics as the feedback principle decades later, and the theory of motion construction is recognized as an outstanding contribution to science. Attention is paid to the conflict of scientific views of the world-famous Russian scientist I. P. Pavlov and N. A. Bernstein on the physiology of the nervous process. The relevance and relevance of the results of research by N. A. Bernstein in various branches of science and practice, up to the preparation of a person for space flights, is noted.

The paper deals with the Nobel lecture of Robert Koch, in which he pointed out the principles of a successful fight against tuberculosis, and how the measures he listed were presented in the Russian Empire at the turn of the 19th-20th centuries. An excerpt from Robert Koch's lecture at the Nobel Prize in 1905, which has not previously been translated into Russian, is attached to the paper. In the above fragment, Robert Koch traced how the views of the medical community on the causes of the development of tuberculosis and on the methods of its treatment have changed.