Bulletin of Semashko National Research Institute of Public Health

The article provides an analysis of the methods of text analysis using software for analyzing text data. The existing types of text analysis and programs are given. Using the example of the analysis of the term «healthy lifestyle» with the help of KH Coder — v.3.1, an example of a contextual semantic analysis is given. As a conclusion, a methodology (sequence of steps) for conducting a similar analysis is proposed.

The presented paper discusses methodological approaches to defining the essence of the concept of «digital competencies» in relation to the professional activities of healthcare and medicine specialists. The necessity of the formation of digital competencies and medical workers in the conditions of digitalization of healthcare systems is actualized, the condition of replenishment is determined as new technologies develop and put them into practice. Examples of the definition of the concept of «digital competencies» in the works of Russian and foreign scientists are given. It is concluded that the various areas of competence studied to date can be considered in the development of curricula for undergraduates, postgraduates and continuing education.

The study of the medical and demographic characteristics of patients is the coordinate of their health assessment and an important part of the clinical and organizational process of the effective development of the system of rehabilitation care and increasing its accessibility to the population. The purpose of the research was to analyze the medical and demographic characteristics of patients who applied for rehabilitation care in private medical centers for the treatment of the spine and joints. Based on the big data on medical services of 4 medical centers for the treatment of the spine and joints «DEMA» (LCC) nd the use of the DemaMed® software package, 10,723 case histories of patients who received medical care using methods of physical therapy for the period 2015-2020 were analyzed. The analysis of the age structure and diseases of patients was carried out. The proportion of patients of working age (18-60 years old) who received rehabilitation assistance was 64.9% (n=6928). An analysis of the structure of diseases with which patients sought medical help showed that diseases of the musculoskeletal system, including osteochondrosis of the spine in adults and lesions of the intervertebral discs, were the most common causes (86%), which explains the specialization of the centers. The low rate of appeals of the population was established with the consequences of cerebral stroke (2%), cardiovascular (0.02%) and mental diseases (0.01%), as well as in the absence of patients with visual and hearing impairments. The heterogeneity of patients in the age structure established in the study, the relatively low proportion of patients ≥60 years old and patients with cardiovascular and neurological diseases who received rehabilitation care in the «DEMA» (LCC) centers, determines the relevance of studying the availability of rehabilitation care.

One of the topics requiring the integration of education and medicine is the formation of health and a healthy lifestyle for schoolchildren. In addition to thematic integration, integration in the use of the same methodological approaches, methods of presenting information, and systematizing knowledge is important. This approach will allow to obtain the integrity of knowledge on the topic, develop motivation for its knowledge, generalize and systematize knowledge, create a single information space. The purpose of the study is to create a regional three-level model of a single information space on the formation of health and a healthy lifestyle of schoolchildren. Materials and methods: in 146 schools in Ivanovo and the Ivanovo region, a three-level organizational structure of a single information space on the formation of health and a healthy lifestyle of schoolchildren was introduced. For its development and implementation, the following methods were used: information-analytical, system and situational analysis, organizational modeling, expert, organizational experiment, statistical. Results. In the Ivanovo region, a three-level organizational structure of a single information space has been created on the issues of promoting the health and healthy lifestyle of schoolchildren. At the first level, educational organizations have formed: an information and methodological center as part of school health cabinets, volunteer teams that distribute information among students, a health self-assessment cabinet with an automated health self-assessment program for adolescents aged 15-17 to increase schoolchildren's knowledge about their health and motivate them to formation. At the second level, the Regional Center for Schoolchildren's Health was created, which operates in cooperation with schools in the Ivanovo Region, health centers, medical institutions in the city of Ivanovo and the Ivanovo Region. At the third level, the Coordinating Council was created, which collects, systematizes, analyzes information about the health, awareness, motivation for a healthy lifestyle of students, identifies problems and main patterns in the development of informing schoolchildren in the region, develops regional programs to improve the competence of physicians, teachers, psychologists, students and parents on the management of the health of schoolchildren, used in educational organizations, the Regional Center for Schoolchildren's Health, and in advanced training courses for teachers. Conclusion. The creation of a three-level regional model of a single information space in educational institutions for the formation of health and a healthy lifestyle of schoolchildren allowed doctors, teachers, psychologists of the region to unequivocally approach the understanding of the problem, its implementation with increasing awareness of these issues among all schoolchildren, teachers, parents, increased motivation for a healthy lifestyle in 2/3 of students and parents.

Despite the popularity that the idea of blood transfusion gained in the 1860s and 1870s, this procedure entered the list of emergency care for acute blood loss only during the First World War. The uncertainty of doctors as a result of transfusion was a consequence of the lack of scientific knowledge about the biochemical and physiological properties of blood. The main problems in the clinical application of this technique were associated with blood clotting and the unpredictability of the result. The spread of xenotransfusion in the 1870s drew the attention of doctors to the existence of interspecies and group incompatibility of blood. The development of the ideas about the mechanism of hemorrhage in the 1880s stimulated the study of saline solutions as a safe and effective alternative to blood. The discovery of the enzymatic nature of blood coagulation stimulated a directed search for chemical blood preservatives. Thus, by the beginning of the First World War, there were two scientifically based methods of dealing with massive blood loss: transfusion of canned blood and infusion of saline solutions. However, the first experience of the infusion of saline solutions on the battlefield confirmed the benefits of blood transfusion, especially with the compatibility of the blood group.

The article is devoted to the study of the process of historical development of the Sestroretsk resort — one of the oldest balneo-mud resorts in the North-West region of Russia. The authors considers the issue of the succession of the therapeutic factors of the sanatorium (based on the historical and medical analysis of their use) to improve the health of vacationers. The problem of the transformation of the traditions of sanatorium treatment at the Sestroretsk resort in the end of the 19th — beginning of the 21st centuries.

The article reflects the period of formation and formation of the Department of anesthesiology-resuscitation, emergency medicine and clinical toxicology at the Khanty-Mansi state medical Academy, for the period 2009-2019. The evaluation of the achieved results of educational, scientific, and clinical activities is given. It is shown that over a ten-year period, the pedagogical, scientific and medical components of the educational process of the Department were formed. The main directions of Academy and Department’ s work are consistent with the federal state educational standard, national and regional health development programs and allow consistently prepare a student who meets the requirements of professional standards of a specialist, employers.

Changes in the state structure of Russia in the early twentieth century required the implementation of transformations in various fields: political, socio-economic and military. All of them are associated with the name of Pyotr Arkadievich Stolypin (1862 — 1911), who entered the national history as the «Great Reformer». P. A. Stolypin was convinced that the way out of the crisis which swept Russia would be systematic reforms. He was characterized by a governmental approach to the planned reforms, which he consistently defended at meetings in the State Duma and the State Council. Thanks to a considerable number of publications, P. A. Stolypin's activity is widely known, although assessed ambiguously by the national historians. Publication of documents and materials by P. A. Stolypin Heritage Foundation (2011) has expanded the range of archive sources. The purpose of this article is to show the participation of P. A. Stolypin in the development of important government laws, in particular those concerning the organization of medical and sanitary aid to the population in the fight against epidemics, improvement of sanitary and medical aid to migrants and preparation of the reform of social insurance for workers.

Secondary adentia is still the most common condition among the middle-aged and elderly population of the Russian Federation and the Belgorod agglomeration. Adentia acts as a factor that negatively affects the level of general somatic health, which is especially pronounced among women. The aim of this cohort two-stage study conducted among elderly women was to consistently determine the dynamics of the dental status of the formed sample in 2017 and in 2022. At the first stage, 384 women aged 61.4 ±2.2 years were examined, at the second stage, the same sample was examined, reduced to 331 people aged 64.8 ± 1.9 years. The socio-economic status of the sample differs in the following characteristics: women aged 60-65 years, who are in stable family relationships, with an average per capita income of ≈ 50% higher than the subsistence minimum established for pensioners of the Belgorod region, who have received an education above the full average. The dynamics of the need for sanitation of the oral cavity is largely determined by the frequency of hygienic procedures. The need for periodontal treatment was assessed by calculating the need index for the treatment of periodontal diseases CPITN (Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs,). In women who do not regularly perform hygienic procedures, the CPITN index has lower values than in women who perform hygienic procedures properly. The revealed dynamics is due to the number of teeth removed due to periodontitis. The severity and intensity of caries, considered as the need for caries treatment, was determined by calculating the CPI index, defined as the sum of carious (K), filled (N) and removed (Y) teeth. The dynamics of the CPI index confirms the observed dynamics due to a significant increase in the «removed teeth» component.

The protection of the health of the child population is the most important strategic task of the national policy of the Republic of Azerbaijan (AR). In order to increase attention to the health of the child population and improve preventive work with children, in 2013 the AR adopted the law “On Mandatory Medical Examination of Children”, which gave rise to a number of measures, including monitoring and assessing the state of children's health. The analysis showed that in 2019 compared to 2014 there was a decrease in the level of general morbidity in children and adolescents, including the level of primary morbidity. In the general structure of morbidity in children and adolescents aged 0-17 years, the share of primary morbidity is decreasing, which decreased from 46.8% in 2014 to 32.6% in 2019, which was typical for all age groups. However, while maintaining existing trends, given the increase in the indicator in 2018-2019. the level of general morbidity in children and adolescents aged 0-17 years may increase from 307.82 in 2019 to 365 in 2023 and 415 by 2025, which is the rationale for improving the quality and efficiency of preventive direction in the activities of children's medical organizations and all child and adolescent health services.

The aging of society and the increase in the retirement age determine the trend of an increase in the proportion of doctors of older age groups. High comorbidity and the level of cognitive disorders in this contingent of specialists encourage us to look for solutions to limit the influence of risk factors for geriatric pathology and maintain the necessary qualifications. The complex technology of prolongation of medical activity is aimed at the prevention of chronic non-communicable diseases in combination with measures to optimize work activity and stimulate professional competencies. Organizational solutions for the implementation of these tasks are proposed.

The article is devoted to theoretical and practical approaches to the development of domestic scientific and practical journals in the field of biomedical sciences. The main stages and strategic goals of the peer-reviewed journal «Complex Problems of Cardiovascular Diseases» are revealed on the example of the journal. It is proved that due to systematic strategic development for 10 years of publication activity the journal has good bibliometric indicators (two-year RSCI impact factor is 0,897, five-year RSCI impact factor is 0,709), is indexed in Russian and international databases and is popular in the scientific community. The data obtained indicate a well thought-out strategic and tactical planning, the commitment of the editorial board to the chosen policy of the journal.